Chestnut-backed Antshrike

The lined antshrike is 16 to 17 cm (6.3 to 6.7 in) long and weighs 26 to 28 g (0.92 to 0.99 oz). Members of genus Thamnophilus are largish members of the antbird family; all have stout bills with a hook like those of true shrikes. This species exhibits some sexual dimorphism though both sexes have a crest. Adult males of the nominate subspecies T. p. palliatus have a black crown with white spots on the forehead. Their face and nape are black with white spots. Their upperparts, wings, and tail are rufous-brown. Their throat has black and white stripes and the rest of their underparts are barred black and white with a rufous tinge on the flanks. Adult females are very like males but have a deep rufous-brown crown and wider white bars on their underparts. Adults of both sexes have a pale iris that is variable in color. Subadult males resemble adult males with a mix of black and deep reddish brown on their forehead and a reddish-brown tinge on their lower underparts. Subadult females resemble adults with narrower black bars on their underparts and a strong yellow-ochre wash on their lower underparts. Subspecies T. p. similis is similar to the nominate. Both sexes of subspecies T. p. puncticeps are paler overall than the nominate, and females have a strong yellow-ochre wash on their nape. Subspecies T. p. …

The chestnut-backed antshrike has a disjunct distribution. Subspecies T. p. vestitus is found separately from the other three, in coastal eastern Brazil from southern Bahia south to Rio de Janeiro state and with a few records in São Paulo state. Subspecies T. p. puncticeps is the most widespread. It is found in southeastern Peru's Cuzco and Puno departments, across northern Bolivia, and in Brazil south of the Amazon east to the Tapajós River. The nominate subspecies T. p. palliatus is found in Brazil south of the Amazon from the Tapajós east to the Atlantic between Paraíba and northern Bahia. Subspecies T. p. similis is found in central Peru between the departments of Huánuco and Junín. The chestnut-backed antshrike inhabits a variety of landscapes most of which are somewhat open. They include the edges of evergreen forest and mature secondary forest, and regrowing clearings and abandoned plantations (especially those with bamboo). In the lowlands of Amazonia it also occurs in várzea and in some areas pure stands of Guadua bamboo. In coastal southeastern Brazil it adds shrubby parks and gardens. In the Peruvian Andes it mostly is found at elevations between 400 and 1,700 m (1,300 and 5,600 ft) and in Bolivia as high as 2,200 m (7,200 ft). In southeastern Brazil it mostly occurs below 300 m (1,000 ft) but is found as high as 1,000 m (3,300 ft).

The chestnut-backed antshrike's diet is not known in detail but includes a variety insects and also other arthropods like spiders. It usually forages singly or in pairs and often joins mixed-species feeding flocks as they pass through its territory. It forages in dense vegetation from near the ground to about 15 m (50 ft) above it. It hops between branches to glean prey with quick stabs and lunges from leaves, stems, branches, and trunks. In eastern Brazil it has been observed following army ant swarms but only in dense vegetation.