north wind bog orchid

Platanthera aquilonis is a small plant 5–60 cm in height. Flowers emerge in May and are present until August. These flowers are not showy and are generally a yellowish green color. The leaves are alternating and replaced by lenceloate bracts higher up on the stem. This orchid can be most easily identified by its forward rotated pollinia spilling over into the stigma and its rhombic to rhombic lanceolate lip. It is very similar looking to Platanthera huronensis but can be separated by the fact that Platanthera huronensis is whitish green whereas Platanthera aquilonis is just green or yellowish green in color. Platanthera aquilonis is usually scentless except in the far northwest of its range.

Platanthera aquilonis occurs throughout much of Canada and the northern United States. But the southern extent of this species range follows the Rocky Mountains all the way into Northern New Mexico. This species can be found in a very large range of habitats including meadows, marshes, fens, the tundra, along stream banks and roadsides, as well as in wet deciduous forests. This plant can be commonly found at elevations between 0–2500 meters but has been found at elevations up to 3400 meters.

Platanthera aquilionis is facultatively self fertilizing. The pollinia rotate forward above the stigma and then either are transferred directly or fall onto the stigma. It has also more recently been described that water droplets may play a large role in this process collecting pollen in the droplet and then falling and depositing the pollen onto the stigma below.