Rainford's Butterflyfish

Chaetodon rainfordi may be distinguished by its colour compared to related species of fish. The basic colour of yellow with an orange bar, with dark edges, which runs through the eye and another thinner orange bar which goes through the base of the pectoral fin. There are then two blue-grey bands edged with yellow-orange on the body. There is normally a black spot on the caudal peduncle. The gold bands on the body often found on each side of the wider diffuse dark bars. The dorsal, anal and pectoral fins are yellow. The dorsal fin contains 10–11 spines and 20–22 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 17–19 soft rays. This species attains a maximum total length of 15 centimetres (5.9 in).

Chaetodon rainfordi is found in the south western Pacific Ocean. It is found off southern Papua New Guinea, along the Great Barrier Reef off Queensland, south to the Solitary Islands and the Surgeons Reef off Red Rock, New South Wales. It is also found off Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea.