Brachyhypopomus sullivani

distribution

Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Amazon basin, and Orinoco and Essequibo rivers and coastal basins of Pará, Brazil (Crampton et al., 2016 b).

Checklist of Gymnotiformes (Osteichthyes: Ostariophysi) and catalogue of primary types

biology_ecology

Ecological notes. Brachyhypopomus sullivani is restricted to gently flowing, normoxic, low-conductivity streams and small rivers in closed canopy rainforest and savanna, where it is typically encountered in or near aquatic vegetation, root mass, or leaf litter. See description of B. benjamini for water quality parameters of the area of the type locality. Crampton et al. (2008) documented the relatively small gill sizes of B. sullivani relative to congeners that occur in seasonally hypoxic whitewater floodplain systems. Breeding occurs during the rainy season; both in the type locality, and in the vicinity of Tefé, Brazil (approximately December to April in both regions) (JCW, WGRC unpublished data). Stomach contents of specimens from the type locality comprise aquatic insect larvae (primarily Chironomidae), and other small aquatic invertebrates (JCW, WGRC unpublished data). Co-occurring congeners: In the upper, central, and lower Amazon (including lower Madeira, but excluding upper Madeira), B. sullivani occurs in sympatry and ecological syntopy with B. batesi, B. beebei, B. benjamini, B. brevirostris, B. verdii, and B. walteri, and exhibits an allotopic distribution to B. belindae

A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical electric fish genus Brachyhypopomus (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes: Hypopomidae), with descriptions of 15 new species

description

Description. Head and body shape, and pigmentation illustrated in Figs. 1 k and 43. Meristic and morphometric data for examined specimens presented in Tables 2 - 5 and 19. Body shallow to moderate in depth. Head short to moderate in length and shallow to moderate in depth. Dorsal profile of head approximately straight from occiput to snout, ventral profile of head approximately straight between operculum and snout, snout rounded. Eye small to moderate in size. Upper jaw with moderate sigmoidal angle between premaxillary and maxillary portions in lateral view. Accessory electric organ (AEO) over operculum absent. Gill filaments on first gill arch 29 - 33 (median 31, n = 6). Pectoral fin of moderate width, pectoral-fin rays 11 - 16 (median of 11 in populations from the upper Amazon of Peru; mode of 14 in populations from upper rio Madeira, and from río Orinoco). Precaudal vertebrae 15 - 17 (mode of 16 in all populations), including 1 - 2 transitional vertebrae. Anal-fin origin slightly (<0.25 HL distance) posterior to, or near, tip of pectoral fin. Anal-fin rays 143 - 184 (median of 171 in populations from the upper Amazon of Peru; 159 from the upper rio Madeira; and 171 from the río

A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical electric fish genus Brachyhypopomus (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes: Hypopomidae), with descriptions of 15 new species

description

urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: A 5 E 0 AE 79 - 5691 - 4 FEE-AA 8 B-F 9 BD 8 AE 86 D 1 C (Figs. 1 k, 43; Tables 2 - 5, 19)

A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical electric fish genus Brachyhypopomus (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes: Hypopomidae), with descriptions of 15 new species