Solea aegyptiaca

Solea aegyptiaca is a dextral flatfish with on oval body shape which is brownish grey on the eyed side, with the eyed side pectoral fin being largely coloured black. The left, uneyed, side is white. It is very similar to the common sole, with which it is sympatric, but the vertebrate count and fin ray count differ. S. aegyptiaca has 39-44 vertebrae to the common sole's 46-52, while the dorsal fin of S. aegyptiaca has 62-87 finrays to the common sole's 69-97 finrays, other finray counts are pectoral fin on eyed side with 7-9 to 9-10, anal finrays 51-72 compared to 53-79. The lateral line of S. aegyptiaca has 106-150 pored scales while that of the common sole has 116-165 pored scales. The eyed side pectoral fin of S.aegyptiaca also has a more extensive black blotch than that of the common sole. It tends to be slightly smaller than the common sole with a maximum length of 65 cm and an average length of 25 cm.

Solea aegyptiaca is a benthic demersal species that lives on soft mud and sand substrates in coastal and littoral waters and in brackish lagoons, down to 100m in depth. It is found in the Mediterranean Sea as far west as the Gulf of Gabes and north to the Gulf of Lion and into the southern Adriatic Sea. It has been recorded in the Suez Canal and, more recently, the Gulf of Suez, in the Red Sea, making S. aegytiaca an anti-Lessepsian migrant.