Celebes Toad

discussion

Remarks. As I. celebensis is endemic to Sulawesi (Kurniati & Laksono 2021), the locality of Singapore for NMW- 5435 is clearly an error. The specimens were donated to NMW by Steindachner in 1866 and were likely traded in Singapore. LKCNHM & NHMUK Museum specimens. No specimens.

Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution

materials_examined

Additional Singapore museum specimens. Singapore (no locality): NMW.

Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution

description

(Figure 2 (b )) Description Habit stout, SVL 56.05 – 72.65 mm; head wide (HW / SVL = 0.331 – 0.776) with a thick supraorbital; nostrils closer to the tip of the snout than to the eyes; vertical loreal region; large eyes (EY / SVL = 0.126); tympanum oval, distinct, 2 / 5 to 3 / 5 of the eye diameter (TY / EY = 0.326 – 0.523). Disk of fingers and toes blunt; formula for the web of the toe, I 1 – 1 II 0 – 1 III 1 / 2 – 1 IV 1 – 0 V, follows that used by Savage and Heyer (1997); length of tibia, ratio of TL / SVL about 0.471 – 0.469; subarticular tubercles developed; inner metatarsal oval; smaller outer metatarsal. Dorsal surface is blackish; with scattered warts that have blackened ends; paratoid glands are very prominent, elongated; the venter part is pale yellow, granularious. Habitat An amplectant pair was found in plot 8 during the first survey, while it was raining. One juvenile was collected from plot 1 in the primary forest, 3 – 5 m distant from the flow. It was found to be active at 19 – 22 ° C and 84 – 99 % humidity.

Ecological investigations and diversity of amphibians in Lake Kalimpa’aı Lore Lindu National Parkı Central Sulawesi

discussion

Remarks This species was found in primary forest (plot 1), open area (plot 8), and minimally disturbed primary forest (plot 9), at an elevation of 1700 m asl. The species has not previously been recorded higher than 1000 m asl (Leong and Chou 2000; Gillespie et al. 2004; Iskandar and Mumpuni 2004; Wanger et al. 2011). Of the three species of Bufonidae known from Sulawesi, only this species was recorded in our study. One individual was found with the third finger not having grown normally.

Ecological investigations and diversity of amphibians in Lake Kalimpa’aı Lore Lindu National Parkı Central Sulawesi