Leptolebias splendens

materials_examined

Material examined: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro: CAS (SU) 36528, three paratypes; MNRJ 8514, 23; MNRJ 11302, 1; base of Serra de Petrópolis, MNRJ 11413, 3 (1 c & s); MZUSP 38443, 2 (c & s); Citrolândia, Magé. Diagnosis: Distinguished from all congeners by having some unique colour patterns in males: flank red with zigzag-shaped bright-blue bars (vs. no similar colour pattern), unpaired fins red with brightblue vermiculate marks (vs. no similar colour pattern), broad distal golden stripe on dorsal fin (vs. no similar dorsal-fin stripe), and a red spot on posterior portion of iris (vs. spot absent). Remarks: Redescribed by Costa & Lacerda (1988). Distribution: Estrela and Roncador river basins: two small, isolated basins draining into Guanabara bay, Rio de Janeiro state, south-eastern Brazil (Fig. 5). Habitat and conservation: Leptolebias splendens was a common fish in the Estrela river basin until 1944 (A. L. Carvalho and H. S. Lopez, pers. comm.), when the region still contained well-preserved forests near and along the old road Rio – Petrópolis. After this time, both the forest and L. splendens disappeared. It was rediscovered 41 years later in temporary pools within a well-preserved fo

Monophyly and taxonomy of the Neotropical seasonal killifish genus Leptolebias (Teleostei: Aplocheiloidei: Rivulidae), with the description of a new genus