Glaucomastix itabaianensis

description

Description of holotype: adult female (MZUSP 104255; Figure 5 and 6), snout – vent length 60.0 mm; head longer than wide, distinct from neck, 24.7 % SVL; head width 57.0 % and height 50.8 % head length; head triangular in dorsal aspect; snout moderately pointed and elongate; ear opening large, semicircular, higher than wide. Rostral scale large, as high as wide, separated from frontonasal by anterior nasals; nostril within anterior nasal plate, borders (posteriorly) suture between anterior and posterior nasal plates, lateroposteriorly disposed, almost contacting suture with first and second supralabial inferiorly; frontonasal entire; prefrontals roughly trapezoidal, in extensive contact; frontal approximately pentagonal, longer than wide and widest anteriorly, contacting first and second supraoculars; frontoparietals 2; parietals 5; a concentration of irregular scales, subequal in size, behind parietals, gradually reducing in size closer the neck; supraoculars 4 – 4, fourth supraoculars smaller than second, third and first (descending order of size), first and second supraoculars in contact with frontal scale, third and fourth only in contact with granules or supraocular; supracili

Phylogeography of the endangered sand dune whiptail lizard Glaucomastix abaetensis (Dias, Rocha & Vrcibradic, 2002) with the description of a new species

description

Paratypes: four males (MZUSP 104250 – 54; field number, respectively CAZ 1 – 5), collected 12 February 2012, in Costa Azul locality, Jandaíra municipality, State of Bahia (longitude: - 37.4818, latitude: - 11.6621; Datum: WGS- 84), by I. Rosário, R. Vieira, V. Santa-Rosa, and L. Gomes; three specimens with undetermined sex (MZUSP 104260 – 62; field number, respectively ITA 1 – 2 and ITA 5), collected 29 November 2011, in Reserva do Caju, Itaporanga D’Ajuda municipality, State of Sergipe (longitude: - 37.1833, latitude: - 11.1167; Datum: WGS- 84), by I. Rosário, M. Santos, R. Vieira, R. Siqueira, R. Almeida, and V. Santa-Rosa; two specimens with undetermined sex (MZUSP 104263 – 64; field number, respectively PIR 1 – 2), and one male (MZUSP 104265; field number PIR 4) collected 28 November 2011, in Pirambu municipality, State of Sergipe (longitude: - 36.8456, latitude: - 10.6954; Datum: WGS- 84), by I. Rosário, E. Dias, and R. Siqueira. Specimens previously deposited in Institutional collections include: MNRJ 22993 – 95, and MZUSP 49383 – 87, 65688 – 89, 88101, 92254, 92256 – 58 (Table S 1, Supporting information).

Phylogeography of the endangered sand dune whiptail lizard Glaucomastix abaetensis (Dias, Rocha & Vrcibradic, 2002) with the description of a new species

diagnosis

Diagnosis: Glaucomastix itabaianensis sp. nov. is a moderate-sized (50.0 ± 13.1 mm; Table 4) bisexual species characterized by the combination of the following morphological characters: 13 – 16 scales in the lateral flank, 22 – 33 scales around tail, 28 – 35 femoral pores, usually four supraocular scales with the smaller one disposed posteriorly and a yellowish green tail. This new species includes all populations that cluster with those from the northern portion of the restinga habitats from Costa Azul locality, Jandaíra municipality, State of Bahia, to Pirambu municipality, State of Sergipe, with strong support in the Bayesian species delimitation models. Glaucomastix itabaianensis sp. nov. differs from G. abaetensis by having a higher number (28 – 35; mean = 31.3 ± 2.2 SD) of femoral pores (22 – 30; mean = 25.5 ± 2.5 SD in G. abaetensis), usually four (mean = 3.5 ± 0.6 SD) supraocular scales (usually 3, mean = 3.1 ± 0.4 SD in G. abaetensis) with smaller one (fourth) disposed posteriorly to the three other supraocular scales (Fig. 6), and 11 – 14 (12.7 ± 0.9 SD) scales in the lateral flank, while in G. abaetensis there are 17 – 20 (19.2 ± 1.0 SD; holotype, MNRJ 8616 = 17). Glauco

Phylogeography of the endangered sand dune whiptail lizard Glaucomastix abaetensis (Dias, Rocha & Vrcibradic, 2002) with the description of a new species

distribution

Distribution and natural history: Glaucomastix itabaianensis sp. nov. is a relatively abundant lizard, endemic to restinga habitats between Rio Itapicuru, northern State of Bahia, and Rio São Francisco, northern State of Sergipe. The species is presently known from the municipalities of Jandaíra (Costa Azul), Itaporanga D’Ajuda, Barra dos Coqueiros, Santo Amaro das Brotas, Pirambu, and Parque Nacional da Serra de Itabaiana (PARNASI) in the Areia Branca municipality (Figure 7). The type locality, Parque Nacional da Serra de Itabaiana, is situated in the “ agreste ” (dry forests) region of State of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil. This national parkhas 79.66 km ² and include areas of Areia Branca, Laranjeiras, Itaporanga d´Ajuda, and Campo do Brito municipalities. The local climate is warm and humid, with autumn-winter rains (1200 mm to 1300 mm / year; Carvalho & Vilar 2005). Glaucomastix itabaianensis sp. nov. is a strictly diurnal species, being active usually between 0800 h and 1600 h, foraging in exposed ground near to shrubs.

Phylogeography of the endangered sand dune whiptail lizard Glaucomastix abaetensis (Dias, Rocha & Vrcibradic, 2002) with the description of a new species