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Crow-dipper

Pinellia ternata

También llamadaBan xia (Chinese) · Hange (Japanese, Kampo)

En monografías antiguasPinelliae Rhizoma (drug name)

Ban xia, the tuber of a small aroid, is one of the main Chinese herbs for phlegm, cough and vomiting, and appears in many classical formulas used in China, Japan and Korea. Raw, it is toxic: needle-like calcium oxalate crystals and a lectin violently irritate the mouth and throat, so it is only used after traditional processing with ginger, alum, liquorice or lime. Trials exist only for multi-herb formulas.

Para qué se usa

  • A 2024 meta-analysis of 16 Chinese randomised trials (1,246 patients) found that adding Xiao ban xia tang (processed pinellia with fresh ginger) to standard antiemetics improved relief of chemotherapy-induced vomiting (risk ratio 1.35) and nausea (RR 1.23) compared with antiemetics alone. The authors call for larger rigorous trials; the effect of pinellia alone is not tested.1

  • Tos
    Tradicional

    In Chinese medicine it dries dampness and transforms phlegm, for cough and asthma with copious phlegm; first recorded in the Shennong Bencao Jing. Antitussive and expectorant effects have been shown only in animal models.2

  • Diarrea
    En contra

    Hangeshashinto (Kampo; Ban xia xie xin tang, 'Pinellia decoction for draining the heart') has been tested to prevent irinotecan chemotherapy diarrhoea. A 2023 meta-analysis of three trials found it did not reduce severe or mild diarrhoea compared with other treatments (low-quality evidence).4

Cómo se prepara

decoction

Processed tuber decocted with fresh ginger as Xiao ban xia tang, a two-herb formula from Zhang Zhongjing's Han-dynasty writings used for vomiting for about 1,800 years.

Náuseas y vómitos

Las cantidades son las que registra la fuente citada, no una recomendación.

Seguridad

Embarazo
Evitar
Lactancia
Datos insuficientes
Niños
No data found.

No usar si

  • Raw (unprocessed) tuber must not be taken by mouth
  • Pregnancy: raw pinellia is linked to miscarriage, and animal studies show embryotoxicity

Efectos secundarios

  • Unprocessed: stinging and burning of mouth and throat, loss of voice, vomiting

Plantas peligrosas parecidas

Commercial ban xia is adulterated with related aroids such as Typhonium flagelliforme, Arisaema erubescens and Pinellia pedatisecta.

En las tradiciones curativas

  • Traditional Chinese Medicine

    Ban xia (半夏)

    Acrid, warm and toxic; enters the spleen, stomach and lung channels. Dries dampness and transforms phlegm (cough and asthma from damp or cold phlegm), and 'downbears counterflow to stop vomiting'. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia includes three processed forms: Fa ban xia (soaked with liquorice and lime), Jiang ban xia (boiled with ginger and alum, favoured for vomiting) and Qing ban xia (processed with alum).

    Shennong Bencao Jing (Han dynasty); Zhang Zhongjing, Jin gui yao lue (Xiao ban xia tang)

  • Kampo

    Hange

    An ingredient of Kampo formulas such as Hangeshashinto (TJ-14), the Japanese form of Ban xia xie xin tang, used among other things for chemotherapy-related gut symptoms.

Compuestos activos

needle-like calcium oxalate crystals (raphides)
with the lectin, the main toxic principle; cause mouth, throat and eye irritation and inflammation
Pinellia lectin (12 kDa protein)
inflammatory toxin; denatured by soaking in lime water during processing
nucleosides and alkaloids (guanosine, adenosine, l-ephedrine and others)
used as quality markers; their role in the effects is unclear

Historia

Ban xia was recorded in the Shennong Bencao Jing (Han dynasty) for cough, excessive phlegm, nausea and vomiting, and swellings from poison, and its toxicity was noted there too. Zhang Zhongjing's Xiao ban xia tang paired it with fresh ginger; ginger is also one of the adjuvants used to process the tuber, reducing its toxicity and strengthening its anti-vomiting effect.

Fuentes

  1. 1.Li L et al. The efficacy and safety of Xiao-Ban-Xia-Tang in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024;15:1393597
  2. 2.Zou T et al. A review of the research progress on Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit.: botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and quality control. Heliyon 2023
  3. 3.Peng W et al. A review of traditional and current processing methods used to decrease the toxicity of the rhizome of Pinellia ternata in traditional Chinese medicine. J Ethnopharmacol 2022;299:115696
  4. 4.Takahashi T et al. Efficacy of Hangeshashinto in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cureus 2023;15:e50377
  5. 5.Wang J et al. Untargeted metabolomics ... differential metabolite analysis of Pinelliae Rhizoma and its adulterants. Molecules 2024;29:2155

Referencia, no receta. Nada de esto es consejo médico. Las hierbas pueden interactuar con medicamentos y ser peligrosas en el embarazo; informa a tu médico o farmacéutico de todo lo que tomes.